ĐẶC ĐIỂM SIÊU ÂM VÀ KẾT QUẢ XÉT NGHIỆM ĐÔNG MÁU CỦA CÁC TRƯỜNG HỢP THAI CHẾT LƯU SAU 24 TUẦN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN HÀ NỘI NĂM 2023

Abstract

According to the 2021 report by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), it is estimated that approximately 2 million stillbirths occur globally each year, equivalent to one stillbirth every 16 seconds. Objective: To describe ultrasound characteristics and coagulation test results of stillbirths occurring after 24 weeks of gestation at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in 2023. Materials and Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study conducted on 120 pregnant women diagnosed with intrauterine fetal demise at ≥ 24 week’s gestation who were managed at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 1, 2023, to December 31, 2023. Results: The average maternal age in the study population was 30.7 ± 6.2 years. The mean gestational age at stillbirth was 30.6 ± 5.2 weeks. Fetal ultrasound findings showed an abnormal fetus rate of 8.3%, cranial bone overlapping (45%), spinal angulation (15%), placental abnormalities (12.5%), and abnormal amniotic fluid volume (12.5%). The proportion of pregnant women with fibrinogen levels < 2 g/L was 9%; those with Prothrombin Index (PT%) < 70% was 9.2%; prolonged Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) > 35 s was 9.2%; and prolonged Prothrombin Time (PT) > 13 s was 5.8%. There was a statistically significant difference in APTT values among gestational age groups (p < 0.05).  Conclusion: Fetal and adnexal ultrasound findings are crucial indicators for diagnosing stillbirth and may suggest potential underlying causes. In addition, performing basic coagulation profile testing is essential in pregnant women with stillbirth to promptly detect coagulation disorders.