NGHIÊN CỨU MỐI TƯƠNG QUAN GIỮA SIÊU ÂM ĐÀN HỒI MÔ GAN, MÔ LÁCH VÀ MỨC ĐỘ GIÃN TĨNH MẠCH THỰC QUẢN TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN TĂNG ÁP LỰC TĨNH MẠCH CỬA TẠI THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ NĂM 2023-2025

Abstract

Background: Portal hypertension is a common complication in cirrhotic patients, leading to esophageal varices, which pose a risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Liver and spleen shear-wave elastography have been proven as effective non-invasive methods for assessing hepatic and splenic stiffness. However, the correlation between elastographic features of the liver and spleen and the severity of esophageal varices remains understudied, particularly in Can Tho City. Objectives: To evaluate the correlation between liver/spleen elastographic characteristics and the degree of esophageal varices in portal hypertension patients in Can Tho City from July 2023 to January 2025. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 56 portal hypertension patients at Can Tho General Hospital and Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital. Participants underwent liver function tests, liver/spleen elastography, and esophagogastroduodenoscopy between 2023 and 2025. Results: The study was conducted on 56 patients with a mean age of 56.33 ± 12.16. A significant positive correlation was observed between liver/spleen stiffness and the degree of esophageal varices in patients with portal hypertension. Multivariate regression analysis showed that liver stiffness was the most reliable independent predictor of the degree of large esophageal varices. The cutoff values for liver stiffness were 19.6kPa (Sn 92.1%, Sp 94.4%), and for spleen stiffness were 35.2kPa (Sn 87.5%, Sp 89.2%). Conclusions: Liver and spleen elastography with thresholds of 19,6kPa and 35,2kPa, respectively, are reliable predictors of large esophageal varices.