ĐẶC ĐIỂM ĐIỀU TRỊ SỐC SỐT XUẤT HUYẾT DENGUE BẰNG DUNG DỊCH ALBUMIN 5% TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a serious infectious disease that can progress to hypovolemic shock if not managed promptly. Currently, 5% albumin solution is considered an alternative or adjunct to crystalloid and colloid solutions in the treatment of dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Objective: To describe the characteristics of 5% albumin use and evaluate its clinical effectiveness in pediatric patients with DSS. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted at the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, Children’s Hospital 1, from June 1, 2022, to June 30, 2025. The study included patients aged 1 month to under 16 years diagnosed with severe DHF complicated by shock and treated with 5% albumin. Data were collected from medical records and analyzed using SPSS 27. Results: A total of 164 pediatric patients were enrolled. The mortality rate was 4.3%. The mean age was 7.7 ± 3.4 years, and 53.7% were overweight or obese. Albumin 5% was administered on average 17.1 hours after the onset of shock, following a total fluid volume of 112 ml/kg, including 76 ml/kg of colloid. The median dose of albumin was 1.4 g/kg over 15 hours. Post-infusion, hemodynamic improvements were observed: heart rate decreased from 113.3 to 107.3 bpm, mean arterial pressure increased from 84.2 to 89.5 mmHg, hematocrit dropped from 41.0% to 35.3%. Serum albumin levels rose from 1.5 to 2.8 g/dL. No major liver or kidney complications occurred. Conclusion: The use of 5% albumin improved hemodynamic status, restored serum albumin, stabilized internal homeostasis, and appears to be a safe and effective therapy in pediatric DSS resuscitation