ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN CÓ TRỤC NHÃN CẦU NGẮN TRƯỚC VÀ SAU PHẪU THUẬT TÁN NHUYỄN THỦY TINH THẾ

Abstract

Objective: Report some clinical characteristics of the patient with short axial eyes length before and after phacoemulsification surgery. Subjects and research methods: We conducted research on 32 cases with short axial eyes length shorter than 21mm with the indication of phacoemulsification surgery at The Eye Hospital of Ho Chi Minh City from 03/2025 to 09/2025. Results: The study included 32 cases with short axial length (mean 20,3±1,2 mm), with a mean age of 62,1±11,8 years, and females accounted for 68,8% of the cohort. Best corrected visual acuity improved significantly from 0,7±0,4 LogMAR preoperatively to 0,2±0,2 at 3 months postoperatively (p<0,001). Uncorrect visual acuity improved from 0,5±0,4 LogMAR at 1 week postoperatively, to 0,3±0,2 at 3 months (p<0,001). Intraocular pressure decreased from 15,4±3,5 mmHg before surgery to 12,9±2,2 at 3 months (p<0,001). Endothelial cell density declined from 2521±238,2 to 2161,5±429,4 cells/mm² (p<0,001). Morphological parameters of the endothelium such as the coefficient of variation index (p=0,432) and hexagonality (p=0,776) showed no significant changes. Central corneal thickness increased slightly at 1 week (from 542,8±51 to 567,3±28,3 μm), then gradually returned to baseline at 3 months postoperatively (541±27,1 μm; p<0,001). Conclusions: Phacoemulsification improves vision, lowers intraocular pressure, and maintains corneal morphology in short axial length eyes. Yet, endothelial cell loss warrants long-term follow-up, especially in vulnerable patients, and supports further comparative studies.