PHỔ VI KHUẨN VÀ TÌNH TRẠNG KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG BỆNH LÝ ÁP XE PHẦN PHỤ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHÂN DÂN GIA ĐỊNH

Abstract

Research Objective: To describe the bacterial spectrum and antibiotic resistance patterns in tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) cases at Gia Dinh People's Hospital.Methods: A retrospective case series study was conducted, using convenience sampling of medical records (n=66) of patients diagnosed with tubo-ovarian abscess who underwent surgery or drainage accompanied by culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing. Data were collected from January 2021 to May 2025 at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gia Dinh People's Hospital. Results: A total of 66 cases met the inclusion criteria, with a mean age of 44.6 ± 10.2 years. Among the 39 positive culture samples, the isolated pathogens included E. coli 19/39 (48.7%), Klebsiella pneumoniae 7/39 (17.9%), and Streptococcus spp. 9/39 (23.1%). Of these, 6/39 (15.4%) E. coli strains produced ESBL and 1/39 (2.6%) produced AmpC β-lactamase. The rate of polymicrobial infection was 21.9% (7/32 culture-positive cases). Both E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains were fully sensitive to ertapenem and imipenem (100%). However, they showed high resistance rates to ampicillin (93% in E. coli, 100% in K. pneumoniae) and ceftriaxone (50% in E. coli, 100% in K. pneumoniae). Additionally, E. coli demonstrated 43% resistance to levofloxacin. Conclusion: Tubo-ovarian abscess presents with a diverse bacterial spectrum, mainly consisting of enteric bacteria and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci. Consistent with previous reports, E. coli was the predominant pathogen. The high resistance rates to broad-spectrum antibiotics (such as cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones) highlight the need to develop tailored treatment regimens based on local resistance patterns.