ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN CHẤN THƯƠNG SỌ NÃO NẶNG TRONG 48 GIỜ ĐẦU TẠI KHOA CẤP CỨU

Abstract

Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) carries high mortality and morbidity. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 30 patients with severe TBI (Glasgow Coma Scale [GCS] ≤ 8) treated at the Emergency and Intensive Care Department, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, from January 2022 to June 2025. The median age was 51 years (IQR: 33.2–86), with 70% male. Road traffic accidents were the leading cause (53.3%), of which motorbike crashes accounted for 40%. The median GCS score was 6; abnormal pupillary reflexes occurred in 30% and hypoxemia in 16.7%. Brain computed tomography revealed subarachnoid/intraventricular hemorrhage in 96.7% and midline shift >5 mm in 63.3%; the median Rotterdam score was 4. Associated injuries were present in 33.3%, mainly chest trauma. The median Injury Severity Score (ISS) was 25, with 63.3% classified as very severe or critical. Patients admitted with severe TBI were typically middle-aged men, most often injured in road traffic accidents, with severe brain injury and critical clinical status at presentation.