ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA BỆNH NHÂN NGỘ ĐỘC CẦN SA, CẦN SA TỔNG HỢP TẠI TRUNG TÂM CHỐNG ĐỘC BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI

Abstract

Objectives: to describe the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patient with acute poisoning of cannabis (THC) and some synthetic cannabidiol (SC) at Vietnam Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital. Methods: prospective descriptive study on 48 patients diagnosed with acute cannabis (THC) and some synthetic cannabidiol (SC) poisoning treated at the Poison Control Center from January 2020 to October 2021. Results: Among the study patients, there were 39 male patients (81.3%), the average age of the study group was 28.1 ± 11.5 (13 - 61) years old. The onset symptoms of poisoning developed 9 ± 6.6 minutes after use. Abuse agents were mainly in the form of plant fibers 54.2%, therefore smoking accounted for 87.5%, under the tongue 8.3%, eating (4.2%), throat spray (2.1%). Neurotoxic and psychotic symptoms appeared soon after poisoning were dizziness, ataxia or reduced ability to coordinate (64.6%), agitation 47.9%, visual hallucinations (45.8%), decreased consciousness, syncope (33.3%), convulsions (20.8%), delusions of harm (16.7%), dyspnea (35.4%). The laboratory features included metabolic acidosis (12.8%), acute rhabdomyolysis (10.4%), hypokalemia (47.9%). The most common arrhythmias were sinus tachycardia (35.4%), sinus bradycardia (2.1%) and sinus arrhythmia 1 patient (2.1%). The group of patients with synthetic cannabis poisoning tended to had more seveve symptoms than the THC group. Conclusion: The study revealed the clinical and laboratory characteristics of patients with cannabis, synthetic cannabis poisoning, that was necessary for early management and prognosis of complications.