KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ XẸP ĐỐT SỐNG NGỰC THẤP DO LOÃNG XƯƠNG BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP BƠM XI MĂNG SINH HỌC CÓ BÓNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN HỮU NGHỊ VIỆT ĐỨC

Abstract

Objective: To describe the characteristics and evaluate the outcomes of percutaneous balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) for lower thoracic (T5-T10) osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs). Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study was conducted by analyzing the medical records of 43 patients treated with BKP at Viet Duc University Hospital from January 2022 to January 2023. Clinical (VAS, MacNab criteria) and radiological data (vertebral body height, kyphotic angles) were collected and analyzed at pre- and post-operative time points. Results: The mean age was 73.7 years, with females accounting for 86.0%. The mean T-score was -3.4. The mean VAS score significantly improved from 7.3 preoperatively to 1.3 immediately post-op, and to 0.7 at the 24-month follow-up (p<0.001). Vertebral body height and kyphotic angles (vertebral body collapse angle, Cobb angle) were all significantly restored (p<0.001). At 24 months, 95.4% of patients achieved good or excellent outcomes according to the MacNab criteria. The complication rate was low, with 4.6% subsequent new vertebral fractures and some cases of asymptomatic cement leakage. Conclusion: BKP is a safe and highly effective procedure for treating lower thoracic OVCFs, providing rapid pain relief, effectively restoring spinal morphology, and significantly improving patients' quality of life.