VAI TRÒ CỦA GEN TRONG YẾU TỐ NGUY CƠ VÀ TRONG TIẾN TRIỂN BỆNH THOÁI HÓA KHỚP

Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common joint disease worldwide, characterized by cartilage degeneration, subchondral bone changes, and damage to periarticular structures. The illness typically worsens over time, resulting in pain, decreased mobility, and a lower quality of life along with a significant financial burden. Currently, treatment strategies for OA mainly focus on symptom relief and functional improvement, whereas disease progression remains irreversible. Because of the intricate interactions between mechanical, metabolic, inflammatory, and genetic factors, the pathophysiology of OA remains unclear despite a great deal of research. In recent years, molecular biology studies have gained increasing attention in elucidating the underlying mechanisms. Specifically, genetic research has become a new method that clarifies the role of heredity in interindividual variability and disease susceptibility, as well as its potential uses in early diagnosis and the creation of new treatment.