ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN U TẾ BÀO MẦM VÙNG CÙNG CỤT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 2

Abstract

Objectives: To describe the clinical, subclinical and histopathological characteristics of pediatric patients with sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors who underwent surgical treatment at Children's Hospital 2 from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2024. Materials and methods: This retrospective descriptive case series includes all pediatric patients under 16 years old diagnosed with sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors (GCTs) and treated surgically at Children's Hospital 2 from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2024. Results: We recorded 34 patients meeting the inclusion criteria, comprising 23.5% males and 76.5% females, with a median age of 2 months. The most common clinical presentation was tumor detection (94.1%). The mean tumor sizes on ultrasound and CT were 63.09 mm and 86.52 mm, respectively. Elevated AFP levels were observed in 38.2% of cases, while increased β-hCG levels were found in 23.5%. Isolated elevation of AFP was a statistically significant predictor of malignant tumors (p < 0.001). Mature teratoma was the most common histopathological type (73.5%). Conclusion: The primary symptom of sacrococcygeal germ cell tumors (GCTs) is tumor detection, with most cases appearing as mixed tumors on imaging and mature teratomas on histopathology. Surgery is the main treatment approach with low rates of complications and recurrence.