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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THYROID HORMONES AND CLINICAL FEATURES IN PATIENTS WITH TIRADS 4–5 THYROID NODULES
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Abstract
Background: Thyroid hormones play an important role in many physiological processes, such as cell growth, development, and the normal metabolism of the body. However, they are also involved in stimulating the proliferation of cancer cells, particularly in thyroid cancer. Some studies have shown a relationship between changes in thyroid function and the onset and progression of thyroid cancer—for example, hypothyroidism may inhibit tumor growth, while hyperthyroidism appears to have the opposite effect. This study investigated the relationship between thyroid hormone concentrations and clinical characteristics in patients with high-risk thyroid nodules (classified as TIRADS 4–5 based on ultrasound). Method: This cross-sectional study included 180 patients with TIRADS 4–5 thyroid nodules based on ultrasound, and 180 control subjects, all examined as outpatients at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City in 2024. Data on demographics, BMI, and levels of TSH, FT3, and FT4 were collected. Statistical analysis was performed using Stata 17.0 software. Results: There were no statistically significant differences in gender or age distribution between the two groups. The group with TIRADS 4–5 thyroid nodules had a mean BMI of 23.7 ± 3.3 kg/m², which was statistically higher than that of the control group (p = 0.02). There was no significant difference in mean TSH concentrations between the two groups. The TIRADS 4–5 group had a higher median FT3 concentration (5.1 vs. 4.9 pmol/L, p = 0.01) and a lower median FT4 concentration (14.9 vs. 15.8 pmol/L, p = 0.04) compared to the control group. The distribution of TSH categories (low, normal, high) also differed significantly between the two groups (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study found differences in BMI, FT3, FT4, and TSH levels between TIRADS 4–5 thyroid nodule patients and controls, suggesting a potential role of hormonal factors in malignancy risk assessment
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Keywords
Thyroid hormones, TIRADS, thyroid cancer
References
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