KẾT QUẢ HƯỚNG DẪN SỬ DỤNG BÌNH XỊT ĐỊNH LIỀU CÓ BUỒNG ĐỆM BẰNG VIDEO CHO NGƯỜI CHĂM SÓC TRẺ DƯỚI 5 TUỔI MẮC HEN PHẾ QUẢN

Abstract

Background: Video-based instruction is a visual and accessible method that enables caregivers to master the technique of using a pressurized metered-dose inhaler with spacer (pMDI-S), thereby improving asthma control in young children. However, no study in Vietnam has evaluated the effectiveness of this approach on caregivers’ knowledge and practice for children under 5 years with asthma. Objective: To compare caregivers’ knowledge and practice before and one month after participating in a video-based training program on pMDI-S use. Methods: A before-after study with caregivers of children under 5 years with asthma who attended an Asthma Clinic was conducted in Children’s Hospital 2  between November 2024 and May 2025. Eligible participants were recruited based on inclusion criteria and provided informed consent. Results: A total of 80 caregivers were included, with a mean age of 32.5±5.3 years; most were female (82.5%) and mothers (78.8%). Before the intervention, 47.5% had previous experience with pMDI-S use, mainly instructed by healthcare professionals. After one month, the mean knowledge score increased from 12.3 to 21.1 (p < 0.001), the proportion with good knowledge rose from 11.3% to 93.8%, and correct practice improved from 25.0% to 70.0% (both p < 0.001). Conclusion: Video-based instruction is an effective tool to significantly improve caregivers’ knowledge and practice in using pMDI-S for children under 5 years with asthma, and should be considered for broader application in health education.