ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG CỦA NGƯỜI BỆNH NẤM MÓNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN DA LIỄU HÀ NỘI VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN

Abstract

Objective: Describe the clinical characteristics of patients with onychomycosis at Hanoi Dermatology Hospital in 2024 and some related factors. Method: Cross-sectional descriptive study was carried in 40 patients diagnosed with onychomycosis based on clinical and paraclinical examination of fresh skin or culture to detect fungus at Hanoi Dermatology Hospital from April 2024 to October 2024. Results: Onychomycosis is common in farmers (22.5%) and people with frequent contact with water (57.5%), the duration of the disease often lasts > 6 months (72.5%). 70% of patients had only fingernail fungus, 17.5% had toenail fungus and 12.5% ​​had both fingernail and toenail fungus. The free edge type was the most common, accounting for 69.9%; the near edge type (16.2%). Clinical symptoms of onychomycosis included signs of nail separation, subungual keratosis and nail color changes, accounting for 33.1-44.9%. Filamentous fungi are the main cause of flexural onychomycosis. Conclusion: Fingernail fungus is more common than toenail fungus. The free edge and lateral edge forms are the most common, followed by the proximal edge form, the superficial white form and the less common generalized dystrophy form. The common clinical symptoms of onychomycosis are nail separation, subungual keratosis and nail discoloration. Filamentous fungi are the main cause of onychomycosis.