UNG THƯ TUYẾN BÃ: CA BỆNH HIẾM GẶP VÀ PHƯƠNG PHÁP TIẾP CẬN CHẨN ĐOÁN

Abstract

Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, commonly found in the periocular and head and neck regions, easily misdiagnosed with chronic inflammatory diseases or benign tumors. Early diagnosis plays an important role in improving prognosis and choosing the optimal treatment strategy. Objective: To describe the clinical presentation and diagnostic approach of sebaceous carcinoma. Results: A 73-year-old female patient with a history of stable type 2 diabetes mellitus presented with a skin lesion on the right cheek for more than 1 year, a yellowish nodule, slowly progressing, occasionally ulcerating and forming a yellow crust. Examination revealed a round papule:1 cm, clear boundary, segmented surface, ulceration and black pigment spots, slight infiltration. Biopsy and immunohistochemistry (EMA (+), Ber-EP4 (-), Bcl-2 (+)) suggested sebaceous carcinoma. The patient underwent wide excision with reconstruction, favorable postoperative course, no recurrence after 6 months of follow-up. Conclusion: Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor, with high potential for invasion and metastasis, often overlooked or misdiagnosed due to nonspecific clinical manifestations. Symptoms of pale-yellow facial skin lesions, slow progression, or recurrent ulcers in the elderly. Early biopsy combined with a full immunohistochemical panel for early diagnosis and radical surgery are key factors.