ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH HẸP TẮC ĐỘNG MẠCH CHI DƯỚI Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TRÊN MÁY CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH 128 DÃY

Abstract

Objective: To describe the imaging characteristics of lower limb arterial stenosis and occlusion in diabetic patients using 128-slice computed tomography (CT). Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 43 diabetic patients who underwent lower limb CT angiography with a 128-slice CT scanner at Bach Mai Hospital between November 2024 and July 2025. Results: The mean age was 70.7 ± 8.8 years, predominantly in the 51–70 age group (51.2%), with no patients younger than 50. The male-to-female ratio was 4.4:1. Diffuse and multi-segmental arterial calcification was observed across all three arterial levels. Severe calcification was the most frequent pattern (48.1%). The highest rates of very severe calcification in each arterial level were found in the common iliac, superficial femoral, and anterior tibial arteries, respectively. Nodular calcification was the most common morphology: 97.7% in the aorto-iliac, 95.4% in the femoro-popliteal, and 83.7% in the below-knee levels. Rim calcification was least frequent, observed in 11.6%, 14%, and 9.3% of the respective arterial levels. Soft atherosclerotic plaques were common, seen in 74.4% of the aorto-iliac, 83.7% of the femoro-popliteal, and 74.4% of the below-knee arteries. Stenosis and occlusion were most frequent in the below-knee arteries, with right-sided occlusion in 67.4% and left-sided occlusion in 79.1% of patients. Mild-to-moderate stenosis predominated in the aorto-iliac arteries (65.1% bilaterally), whereas very severe stenosis was most common in the femoro-popliteal and below-knee arteries, particularly on the left side (52.5% and 76.8%, respectively).