ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG NHIỄM KHUẨN SƠ SINH NON THÁNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of neonatal infections in preterm infants at the National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Subjects and Methods: The study was conducted on preterm infants with a gestational age from 28 to less than 37 weeks who were diagnosed with neonatal infection at the Neonatal Center, National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, from January 2025 to August 2025. A cross-sectional descriptive design was applied. Results: A total of 158 preterm infants met the inclusion criteria. The prevalence of neonatal infection was 30.4% for early-onset and 69.6% for late-onset sepsis. The cesarean section rate was 89.2%. The most frequent clinical manifestation was respiratory disorder 67.1%, predominantly apnea. Clinical features were nonspecific. The rate of positive blood cultures was 27.2%. Early-onset sepsis was commonly associated with Escherichia coli, while late-onset sepsis was more frequently caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae. Conclusion: Neonatal infections in preterm infants predominantly presented as late-onset sepsis. Respiratory symptoms accounted for the majority of clinical manifestations. Blood culture findings revealed that E. coli was the leading pathogen in early-onset sepsis, whereas K. pneumoniae was the predominant organism in late-onset sepsis.