ĐẶC ĐIỂM VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ SUY HÔ HẤP Ở TRẺ SƠ SINH NON THÁNG MUỘN TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN TRUNG ƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: To describe the characteristics of respiratory distress in late preterm neonates and to evaluate treatment outcomes. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 185 late preterm neonates (34 weeks to 36 weeks 6 days of gestation) diagnosed with respiratory distress at the Neonatal Center, National Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, from January to July 2025. Results: The majority of affected infants were male (61.6%) with a mean birth weight of 2212 ± 469 grams. Mild respiratory distress accounted for 67%, while severe cases accounted for 33%. The most common presenting signs were nasal flaring (95.1%), chest retractions (96.2%), and tachypnea (83.8%). Respiratory support mainly included oxygen therapy (52.4%), CPAP (36.8%), and invasive mechanical ventilation (10.3%). Antibiotics were administered in 49.2% of cases, with a mean duration of 3.98 ± 2 days; most were first-line antibiotics (92.3%). Nutritional support was predominantly full enteral feeding (75.7%), followed by combined enteral and parenteral nutrition (23.2%); exclusive parenteral nutrition was rare (1.1%). The mean hospital stay was 8.9 ± 5.9 days. Most patients recovered and were discharged (98.4%), with only three deaths (1.6%). Conclusion: Respiratory distress in late preterm neonates occurred mostly immediately after birth and was predominantly mild. Oxygen therapy and full enteral nutrition were the main treatment modalities, yielding favorable outcomes with a high recovery and discharge rate.