ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG KHÁNG KHÁNG SINH CỦA ACINETOBACTER BAUMANNII PHÂN LẬP TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐẠI HỌC Y DƯỢC THÀNH PHỐ HỒ CHÍ MINH

Abstract

A. baumannii is a common and dangerous cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs), where patients often undergo invasive procedures and prolonged antibiotic therapy. This pathogen exhibits high multidrug resistance, especially to carbapenems, complicating treatment and increasing mortality rates. In Vietnam, the prevalence of antibiotic resistance and mortality associated with A. baumannii is notably severe, necessitating in-depth investigation of its epidemiology and resistance patterns to improve management and therapeutic outcomes. Objective: To characterize the epidemiological features and assess the antibiotic resistance profile of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates from patients at the University Medical Center Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 156 A. baumannii isolates collected at the University Medical Center Hospital. Bacterial identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing were performed using the BD Phoenix M50 system. Results: A. baumannii was predominantly isolated from the ICU (51.3%), with respiratory tract infections being the most common (78.2%). High resistance rates were observed against multiple antibiotic classes, including cephalosporins (68.6 - 72.3%), carbapenems (70 - 71%), aminoglycosides (55.2 - 72.4%), and fluoroquinolones (62.8 - 64.1%). Minocycline showed a low resistance rate (6.5%), while all isolates exhibited intermediate resistance to colistin. The improvement and discharge rate was 70.5%, whereas 26.9% of patients experienced disease progression or death. Conclusion: A. baumannii is a predominant nosocomial pathogen in the ICU with high multidrug resistance, particularly to carbapenems. Although colistin remains effective, the presence of intermediate susceptibility highlights potential treatment challenges. Continuous surveillance of resistance patterns, rational antibiotic stewardship, and control the spread of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii in healthcare settings.