ĐÁNH GIÁ HIỆU QUẢ THÔNG TIM CAN THIỆP TIM BẨM SINH Ở TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG THÀNH PHỐ CẦN THƠ TỪ THÁNG 3/2023 ĐẾN THÁNG 9/2024

Abstract

Background: The traditional treatment for congenital heart disease (CHD) involves surgical repair of defects. Alongside cardiac surgery, interventional cardiac catheterization—a specialized technique in cardiology—has significantly advanced, effectively addressing many cases of CHD without the need for surgery. Can Tho City Children's Hospital is the first pediatric specialty hospital in the Mekong Delta region to implement interventional cardiac catheterization since 2020. Objectives: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics of congenital heart disease cases undergoing interventional catheterization and Assessment of the Effectiveness of Interventional Cardiac Catheterization in Congenital Heart Disease in Children at Can Tho Children's Hospital from March 2023 to September 2024. Subjects and Methods: retrospective descriptive study. Convenient sampling including all eligible cases during the study period, with data collected retrospectively from hospital medical records. Results: The majority of the study subjects were male (71.7%). Children under 5 years old accounted for 53.3%, over 10 years old made up the lowest proportion at 18.7%. The highest percentage (40%) was in the weight range of 10-20 kg. The median height was 99 cm, with an interquartile range of 90-123.75 cm. A total of 38.3% had atrial septal defects (ASD); 3 cases (5.1%) had complex congenital heart disease (CHD) , and 1.7% had left coronary artery anomalies. Diastolic murmurs accounted for 50%, and 3.3% had underlying conditions. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) had a hole size of 5.02 ± 1.33. For ventricular septal defects (VSD), the hole size during systole and diastole was 3.43 ± 0.86 and 4.53 ± 1.9, respectively. For ASD, the hole size during systole and diastole was 10.63 ± 2.91 and 14 ± 3.41, respectively. The most common type of ASD closure was 29%, while balloon pulmonary valve dilation and DSA angiography were the least common at 14.5%. Changes in ejection fraction (EF), pulmonary hypertension, and left ventricular diastolic diameter showed significant differences before and after intervention. Mitral valve and tricuspid valve regurgitation, as well as the frequency of disease before and after intervention, showed significant differences. Post-cardiac surgery results showed that 2% of children had complications after the procedure, while 98% did not experience any complications. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the high success rate and minimal complications of interventional cardiac catheterization for congenital heart disease. These findings underscore the importance of early diagnosis and treatment in improving pediatric healthcare outcomes