LUPUS BAN ĐỎ HỆ THỐNG LẦN ĐẦU CHẨN ĐOÁN: DỮ LIỆU TỪ TRUNG TÂM DỊ ỨNG MIỄN DỊCH LÂM SÀNG, BỆNH VIỆN BẠCH MAI

Abstract

Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Although several studies in Vietnam have described the clinical and laboratory features of SLE, none have specifically focused on patients newly diagnosed according to the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 37 patients newly diagnosed with SLE based on the 2019 EULAR/ACR classification criteria at The Clinical Immunology and Allergy Center, Bach Mai Hospital, between October 2024 and August 2025. Results: Females predominated, with a female-to-male ratio of 5.2:1, and the most common age group was 20–40 years. Hematologic involvement was the most frequent manifestation (94.6%), followed by renal involvement (62.2%). Antinuclear antibodies were positive in all patients, with the homogeneous immunofluorescence pattern being the most common. Anti–double-stranded DNA antibodies were detected in 97.3% of cases. Regarding disease activity, most patients were classified as having high or very high activity. Conclusion: In this cohort of patients newly diagnosed with SLE at The Clinical Immunology and Allergy Center, Bach Mai Hospital, the majority presented with high or very high disease activity. Hematologic and renal involvement were the most frequent manifestations.