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TREATMENT OUTCOMES OF ACUTE LOWER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS IN CHILDREN UNDER 5 YEARS AT AGRICULTURAL GENERAL HOSPITAL
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Abstract
Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and inpatient treatment outcomes of children under 5 years old with acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) at Agricultural General Hospital. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on all LRTI patients aged 2 months to under 5 years admitted to the Pediatric Department from August 2024 to July 2025. Results: A total of 202 children were hospitalized, of whom 80.2% were under 2 years old and 63.9% were male. The most common diagnoses were pneumonia (76.2%) and bronchiolitis (15.3%). Frequent clinical symptoms included fever (66.3%), cough (99.5%), and wheezing (78.7%); gastrointestinal symptoms included vomiting (46.5%) and diarrhea (21.3%); 60% had reduced feeding, and 29.2% presented with respiratory distress at admission. Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis in 57.9%, elevated CRP in 31.2%, and anemia in 30.7%. Chest X-ray most commonly revealed scattered nodular opacities (55.9%). The main pathogens were RSV (23.2%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (28%), and Haemophilus influenzae (18.9%). All children received antibiotics, of whom 46% were treated with a combination of two agents; 30.2% required oxygen therapy with a median duration of 2 days (IQR: 1–3). The median length of hospital stay was 8 days (IQR: 7–10). Recovery rate was 99%, with only 1% transferred. Conclusion: Children with acute lower respiratory tract infections admitted to Agricultural General Hospital were mainly under 2 years old. Cough, fever, wheezing and reduced feeding were common symptoms. RSV, S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae were the predominant pathogens. Most patients recovered, but combination antibiotic use, oxygen requirement and hospital stay remained high
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Keywords
LRTI, children, pneumonia, bronchiolitis, antibiotics
References
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