HIỆU QUẢ CỦA MÀNG SINH HỌC TỰ THÂN TRONG PHÒNG NGỪA VIÊM HUYỆT Ổ RĂNG VÀ GIẢM TRIỆU CHỨNG ĐAU, SƯNG NỀ SAU NHỔ RĂNG KHÔN HÀM DƯỚI MỌC LỆCH

Abstract

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) in preventing alveolar osteitis and improving healing process (pain, swelling, mouth opening) after surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Objective and methos: A controlled clinical intervention study was conducted at Ba Vi District General Hospital, Hanoi, including 105 patients aged ≥18 years with moderately difficult impacted mandibular third molars. The intervention group received PRF placement into the extraction socket (n=48); controls received standard management (n=57). Outcomes included pain (VAS; categorized levels), swelling (linear facial measurements at postoperative days 1, 3, and 7), mouth opening, and alveolar osteitis (day 7). Analyses used Chi-square/Fisher’s exact tests, t-test/Mann–Whitney, and univariable/multivariable logistic regression (p<0.05). Results: The PRF group had significantly lower pain during the first 3 postoperative days; swelling decreased faster and mouth opening improved over time, though between-group differences were not statistically significant. Notably, the incidence of alveolar osteitis was markedly lower with PRF (20.8% vs 45.6%), with an adjusted OR = 0.28 (95% CI: 0.11–0.69; p=0.006). Conclusion: PRF is considered a feasible autologous adjunct with early postoperative benefits after impacted mandibular third molar surgery, evidenced by reduced early pain and a lower incidence of alveolar osteitis. Its effects on swelling and function warrant confirmation in standardized, large-scale studies.