SO SÁNH CÁC CHỈ SỐ TRÊN SIÊU ÂM SINH HIỂN VI Ở MẮT CÓ CƠN GÓC ĐÓNG CẤP VÀ MẮT ĐỐI BÊN

Abstract

Objective: To describe and compare ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) parameters between eyes with acute primary angle closure (AAC) and fellow eyes. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 60 eyes (30 AAC eyes and 30 fellow eyes) at the Glaucoma Department and the Imaging Department of Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital. Eligible subjects were patients presenting with unilateral acute primary angle closure. UBM was performed in both eyes after the acute episode had resolved. Parameters analyzed included anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens thickness (LT), lens position (LP), trabecular–iris angle (TIA), iris thickness at 750 µm and 2000 µm from the scleral spur (IT750, IT2000), iris–ciliary process distance (ICPD), and iris convexity (IC). Results: Female patients predominated, accounting for 80%, with a mean age of 57.7 ± 7.41 years. All patients presented with ocular pain; 36.7% reported associated nausea or vomiting, and 43.3% reported seeing halos. Typical ocular signs included conjunctival injection, corneal edema, mid-dilated pupil, and a uniformly narrow anterior chamber angle. Regarding visual acuity, 80% of affected eyes had vision worse than 1/10, of which 41.7% could only perceive hand motion; only 20% achieved visual acuity of ≥ 1/10. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) in affected eyes was 47.74 ±  13.40 mmHg. Compared with fellow eyes, affected eyes had significantly shallower anterior chamber depth (ACD: 1.84 ± 0.17 vs. 1.98 ± 0.16 mm; p < 0.001), more anterior lens position (LP: 4.088 ± 0.24 vs. 4.211 ± 0.229; p < 0.001), and markedly narrower trabecular–iris angle (TIA: 1.98 ± 1.99° vs. 7.95 ± 5.72°; p < 0.001). Other parameters showed no statistically significant differences. Conclusion: Shallower anterior chamber, more anterior lens position, and narrower trabecular–iris angle are the distinctive morphometric features of eyes with acute primary angle closure.