KHẢO SÁT HÌNH THÁI XƯƠNG Ổ TẠI VÙNG ĐẶT IMPLANT TỨC THÌ RĂNG CỬA HÀM DƯỚI

Abstract

Introduction: Immediate implant placement has become increasingly popular because it reduces the number of surgical interventions and shortens treatment time. However, this approach requires surgical skills and precise assessment of alveolar bone morphology to achieve primary stability. Particularly in the mandibular anterior region, bone morphology assessment is crucial due to its relationship with important anatomical structures such as the lingual cortical plate. This research aimed to analyze alveolar bone morphology parameters in the mandibular anterior region through virtual implant placement on CBCT scans. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study included 42 CBCT scans of patients aged 18 years or older, with intact teeth from 31–37, who attended the Faculty of Dentistry, Van Lang University. Blue Sky Plan 4 software was used to analyze the scans and simulate virtual implant placement in the mandibular anterior region. Collected parameters included implant length, distance from the implant apex to the lingual cortical plate, and tooth torque. On cross-sectional slices (1 mm, 3 mm, 5 mm, 7 mm, 9 mm from the alveolar crest), the distance from the implant surface to the labial cortical plate, lingual cortical plate, and mesial and distal walls was also recorded. Results: The mean virtual implant length was 13.45 ± 1.52 mm. The mean distance from the implant apex to the lingual cortical plate was 12.31 ± 5.52 mm. The mean tooth torque was 152.56 ± 12 degrees. On the labial side, the shortest distance between the implant surface and cortical plate was observed at the 9 mm slice, while the largest was at the 1 mm slice. On the lingual side, the shortest distance was at the 1 mm slice, and the largest at the 9 mm slice. Conclusion: This study identified key morphological characteristics of mandibular anterior alveolar bone through virtual implant simulation on CBCT. Results showed that when implants were placed according to prosthetically driven planning, they tended to approximate the labial cortical plate. These findings highlight the importance of thorough CBCT evaluation and virtual implant planning in immediate implant placement, especially in the esthetic zone where anatomical considerations are critical.