ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ HÌNH ẢNH NỘI SOI CỦA HỘI CHỨNG ĐA POLYP TUYẾN GIA ĐÌNH

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, laboratory data and endoscopic appearance of patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) managed at Bach Mai Hospital between 2020 and 2025. Methods: A descriptive cross‑sectional study, combining prospective and retrospective data, was conducted on all FAP patients diagnosed and endoscoped at Bach Mai Hospital from June 2020 to June 2025. Demographic information, clinical symptoms, laboratory results, endoscopic findings and histopathology were collected and analysed descriptively. Results: Fifty patients (mean age 29.5 ± 10.3 years) were included; 76% were under 40 years and male/female ratio was 52%/48%. The most frequent symptoms were gastrointestinal disturbance (76%) and anaemia (62%); 46% were detected through family screening. Colonoscopy revealed diffuse colorectal polyposis (≥94%) with predominantly sessile lesions (Paris 0‑Is 94–100%) and Kudo type III pit patterns. Gastric polyps were found in 50%, mainly in the gastric body‑fundus and <0.6 cm in size. Histology of colonic polyps showed low‑grade adenoma in 80%, high‑grade dysplasia in 10% and carcinoma in 6%. No gastric carcinoma was recorded, most are fundic gland polyp (90%). Conclusions: FAP in this cohort predominantly affected young adults and presented with diffuse colorectal polyposis; half also had small gastric polyps. Endoscopy combined with family screening is crucial for early diagnosis and follow‑up.