ĐÁNH GIÁ TÌNH TRẠNG THỂ LỰC VÀ DINH DƯỠNG CỦA SINH VIÊN NĂM THỨ NHẤT TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC Y KHOA VINH NĂM HỌC 2024–2025

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the physical fitness and nutritional status of first-year students at Vinh Medical University in the academic year 2024–2025 through anthropometric indices. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 712 first-year students aged 17–25, from October 2024 to June 2025, at the Department of Anatomy, Vinh Medical University. Anthropometric indicators were measured according to standardized procedures. Data were processed using Excel 2016 and analyzed with Stata 17.0. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied, with a significance level of p < 0.05, to compare differences by gender, residential area, and ethnicity. Results: The mean age of participants was 19.14 ± 0.55 years; females accounted for 61.52%, Kinh students 87.08%, and most came from rural areas (74.44%). The mean QVC index was 3.62 ± 13.08 (male: 1.74 ± 13.89; female: 4.79 ± 12.41). Most students had average or better physical fitness, with males showing better fitness than females (p < 0.01). The mean BMI was 20.76 ± 3.19 kg/m² (male: 21.62 ± 3.42; female: 20.24 ± 2.93). According to IDI & WPRO classification, 57.44% had normal BMI, while 22.47% had chronic energy deficiency (CED) and 20.08% were overweight/obese. Overweight and obesity were twice as prevalent among males, whereas females had higher rates of CED. The mean LBM was higher in males (54.59 ± 9.05) than in females (38.38 ± 6.59), while FBM was lower (7.32 ± 1.38 vs. 11.13 ± 1.58). Conclusion: Significant gender differences were identified, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to improve fitness, nutrition, and long-term health outcomes.