ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐAU THẦN KINH SINH BA KHÔNG DO XUNG ĐỘT THẦN KINH MẠCH MÁU

Abstract

Objective: To describe MRI findings of the trigeminal nerve, petrous bone and cerebellopontine angle cistern on the symptomatic and asymptomatic sides in patients with trigeminal neuralgia without neurovascular compression. Subject and methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with retrospective sampling was conducted on 119 patients with trigeminal neuralgia without neurovascular compression (84 female, 35 male, mean age 49,24 ± 15,46 years) at Tam Anh General Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, from July 2023 to March 2025. MRI findings included the angle of the trigeminal nerve, length of the trigeminal nerve, cross-sectional area of the trigeminal nerve, trigeminal-pontine angle, angle of the petrous ridge, cross-sectional area of the cerebellopontine angle cistern. Results: The mean angle of the trigeminal nerve on the symptomatic side (136.86 ± 11.21°) was significantly smaller than that of asymptomatic side (146.04 ± 10.26°, p < 0.05). The mean length of the trigeminal nerve on the symptomatic side (0.68 ± 0.12 mm) was significantly smaller than that of the asymptomatic side (0.79 ± 1.54 mm, p < 0.05). The mean cross-sectional area of the trigeminal nerve on the symptomatic side (0.32 ± 0.08 cm²) was significantly smaller than that of asymptomatic side (0.35 ± 0.08 cm, p < 0.05). The mean trigeminal-pontine angle on the symptomatic side (32.45 ± 4.41°) was significantly smaller than that of asymptomatic side (36.52 ± 4.80°, p < 0.05). The mean angle of the petrous ridge on the symptomatic (84.46 ± 12.05°) was significantly narrower than that of the asymptomatic side (93.86 ± 13.07°, p < 0.05). The mean cross-sectional area of the cerebellopontine angle cistern on the symptomatic side (1,89 ± 0,50 cm²) was significantly smaller than that of asymptomatic side (2.15 ± 0.54 cm², p < 0.05). Conclusion: In patients with trigeminal neuralgia without neurovascular compression, the angle of the trigeminal nerve, length of the trigeminal nerve, cross-sectional area of the trigeminal nerve, trigeminal-pontine angle, angle of the petrous ridge, cross-sectional area of the cerebellopontin angle cistern were significantly smaller on the symptomatic side compared to the asymptomatic side. These findings may contribute to the understanding of underlying mechnisms of trigeminal neuralgia, support diagnosis and treatment planning for this patient population.