ĐẶC ĐIỂM DỊCH TỄ HỌC, LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG NHIỄM KHUẨN HUYẾT SƠ SINH Ở TRẺ NON THÁNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI ĐỒNG 1

Abstract

Objective: To describe the epidemiological, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of neonatal sepsis in preterm infants at Children's Hospital l. Subjects and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on preterm infants diagnosed with neonatal sepsis at Children's Hospital 1 from March 2022 to July 2024. Results: A total of 195 preterm infants with neonatal sepsis were enrolled. Males accounted for 58.5%, 85.7% had no recorded maternal comorbidities, and late-onset sepsis occurred in 87.2% of cases. Common clinical symptoms included cyanosis (61.0%), apnea (24.1%), abdominal distension (48.7%), feeding intolerance (40.5%), and lethargy (24.6%). Laboratory findings showed leukocytosis in 52.8%, thrombocytopenia in 44.6%, and elevated CRP in 84.1%. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were the most common Gram-positive pathogens; Gram-negative bacteria and fungi accounted for 32.5% and 15.0%, respectively. Conclusion: Neonatal sepsis in preterm infants was predominantly late-onset. Clinical presentation was nonspecific, with common features including feeding intolerance, respiratory distress, and lethargy. Leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and elevated CRP were common paraclinical abnormalities. Gram-positive bacteria were the predominant pathogens, while Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were less frequently isolated.