ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH ẢNH CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ LAO MÀO TINH – TINH HOÀN

Abstract

Objective: To describe the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of epididymal–testicular tuberculosis. Methods: This was a retrospective descriptive case series including all patients with histopathological, microbiological, or immunohistochemical confirmation of epididymal–testicular tuberculosis who underwent pre-treatment scrotal MRI. Results: Between [study period], 35 patients diagnosed with epididymal–testicular tuberculosis were included. The mean age was 44.2 ± 15.2 years. Only one patient (2.9%) had a history of pulmonary tuberculosis. Most cases involved isolated epididymal lesions (62.9%), followed by combined epididymal and testicular involvement (34.2%), while isolated testicular lesions were uncommon (2.9%). Epididymal lesions were most frequently observed in the head (80%) and tail (82.9%), whereas the body was less commonly affected (45.7%). The imaging appearance of epididymal lesions was diverse; nodules with central necrosis were the most common pattern (39.4%). Regarding signal characteristics, most epididymal lesions were isointense on T1-weighted images (55.9%) and hypointense on T2-weighted images (50%). Similarly, most testicular lesions were isointense on T1-weighted images (57.1%) and showed mixed signal intensity on T2-weighted images (57.1%). The majority of epididymal and testicular lesions demonstrated heterogeneous enhancement (88.2% and 97.8%, respectively). Peripheral rim enhancement with central necrosis was a common finding in both epididymal and testicular lesions (approximately 76%). Conclusion: MRI is a valuable noninvasive imaging modality for evaluating scrotal and testicular diseases. It plays an important role in the early and accurate diagnosis of epididymal–testicular tuberculosis, facilitating appropriate treatment planning for affected patients.