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CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFICACY OF GLYCOLIC ACID, NIACINAMIDE, AND SALICYLIC ACID IN THE TREATMENT OF PIGMENTATION DISORDER AT HO CHI MINH CITY HOSPITAL OF DERMATO-VENEREOLOGY
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Abstract
Background: Pigmentary disorders are common dermatological conditions that significantly impair patients’ quality of life. Although various treatment modalities are available, topical therapy remains the first-line approach. Despite the wide range of active ingredients currently used in Vietnam, systematic clinical studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of combination topical formulations are still limited. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of glycolic acid, niacinamide, and salicylic acid in the treatment of pigmentation disorder at Ho Chi Minh City Hospital of Dermato-Venereology. Methods: This study was conducted on 41 patients with pigmentation disorder at Ho Chi Minh City Hospital of Dermato-Venereology. Participants applied a product containing glycolic acid, niacinamide, and salicylic acid (G-N-S). A cleanser and sunscreen were applied to both sides of the face, whereas the glycolic acid, niacinamide, and salicylic acid was randomly applied to only one side. Patients were evaluated for clinical improvement, satisfaction level, MASI scores, VISIA indices, and adverse events. Results: The mean age of participants was 44.9 ± 8.86 years, with females accounting for 97.6%. There was a statistically significant improvement in pigmentation disorder severity on a 10-point scale as assessed by both physicians and patients (p < 0.001). A statistically significant reduction in MASI scores was observed between the G-N-S treated side and the non G-N-S treated side on days 56 and 84 (p < 0.05). Patient satisfaction also showed statistically significant differences across evaluation time points (p < 0.05). VISIA indices did not demonstrate improvement over time. The most commonly reported adverse events were burning sensation (31.7%) and stinging (14.6%), all of which were transient. Conclusion: The combination of glycolic acid, niacinamide, and salicylic acid is effective and well-tolerated in improving mild-to-moderate pigmentation disorder. These findings suggest that this combination may be used as an adjunctive option for pigmentation disorder management in clinical practice.
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Keywords
pigmentation disorder, glycolic acid, niacinamide, salicylic acid, efficacy, safety.
References
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