KẾT QUẢ SỬ DỤNG PROPOFOL TRONG GÂY MÊ TĨNH MẠCH NỘI SOI ĐƯỜNG TIÊU HÓA TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRƯỜNG ĐẠI HỌC KỸ THUẬT Y TẾ HẢI DƯƠNG

Abstract

Objective: To describe the results of propofol use in intravenous anesthesia (IVA) for gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy at Hai Duong Medical Technical University Hospital from August 2023 to August 2024. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 471 patients undergoing propofol-based IVA for GI endoscopy. The requirement for gastroscopy was a sedation score (SA test) of “0” or “1”. For colonoscopy, the requirement was complete loss of consciousness. The study evaluated propofol dosage, endoscopy duration, variations in vital signs, adverse events, and patient satisfaction. Results: The total dose of propofol used in combined gastroscopy-colonoscopy (226.63 ± 49.18 mg) was significantly lower than that used for either gastroscopy or colonoscopy alone (328.72 ± 49.39 mg), p < 0.05.  The induction dose for gastroscopy (142.07 ± 28.56 mg) was significantly higher than for colonoscopy (117.45 ± 22.09 mg), p < 0.05. Recovery times for colonoscopy (2.18 ± 2.13 minutes) and combined gastroscopy-colonoscopy (2.94 ± 3.01 minutes) were significantly shorter than for gastroscopy alone (4.91 ± 2.59 minutes), p < 0.05. Changes in PRST scores, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and SpO₂ remained within normal limits. Procedure feasibility was rated as favorable or very favorable in 94.9% of cases, normal in 4.9%, unfavorable in 0.2%, and very unfavorable in 0%. Adverse Effects: No cases of anaphylaxis or fever were observed. Local injection site pain occurred in 14.6% of patients, most frequently at the dorsum of the hand, followed by the wrist, and least at the elbow. Other adverse events included dizziness (24.2%), restlessness (23.8%), coughing (10.2%), retching (7.6%), heart rate >100 bpm (7.2%), hypersalivation (5.9%), mean arterial pressure (MAP) reduction >30% (5.3%), SpO₂ <90% (4.5%), hiccups (1.9%), snoring (1.7%), pulse pressure <20 mmHg (1.5%), hallucinations (1.3%), bradycardia <50 bpm (0.9%), MAP increase >30% (0.6%), nausea (0.4%), and bronchospasm (0.2%). No cases of laryngospasm were reported. Conclusion: Intravenous anesthesia with propofol for GI endoscopy is a safe and effective method, offering rapid recovery, minimal adverse effects, and cost-effectiveness—particularly when both gastroscopy and colonoscopy are performed simultaneously.