KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM MỘT SỐ CHỈ SỐ XÉT NGHIỆM DÒNG HỒNG CẦU VÀ BILAN SẮT Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH THIẾU MÁU THIẾU SẮT TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA TỈNH QUẢNG NINH

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common hematological disorders, especially in developing countries [1]. The diagnosis of IDA requires a combination of clinical examination and paraclinical tests, in which red blood cell indices and iron profile (including serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin) play a crucial role. Objective: To investigate the characteristics of red blood cell indices, iron profile, and analyze factors associated with the severity of anemia in patients with IDA treated at Quang Ninh General Hospital from February to May 2025. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 108 patients. The laboratory parameters collected included: HGB, RBC, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, serum iron, ferritin, and transferrin. Data were processed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: Females accounted for 74.07%, with a mean age of 52.27 ± 16.79 years. Chronic blood loss was the most common cause (61.1%). Most patients presented with microcytic, hypochromic red blood cells; reduced HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH, MCHC; and increased RDW. Ferritin levels <15 ng/mL were found in 81.5% of cases. Moderate anemia was the most common severity (50.9%). The severity of anemia was statistically associated with gender, underlying cause, and serum iron levels. Conclusion: IDA is commonly observed in middle-aged women, mainly due to chronic blood loss. Hematological parameters and iron profile, especially ferritin and transferrin, are valuable in the diagnosis and assessment of anemia severity