ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG CỦA NHỮNG SẢN PHỤ SINH CON TỪ 4000 GRAM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN PHỤ SẢN HÀ NỘI GIAI ĐOẠN 2024 - 2025

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical and para-clinical characteristics of mothers giving birth to infants weighing 4000 grams or more at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital during the period 2024–2025. Subjects and Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 94 cases of mothers whose newborns weighed ≥4000g immediately after birth at Hanoi Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital from January 1, 2024, to March 31, 2025. Results: The average maternal age was 30.8 ± 4.6 years, with an average height of 159 cm. Maternal weight ranged from 55 to 119 kg. Primiparous women accounted for 30%, while multiparous women made up 70% (second birth: 40%, third: 21%, fourth: 8%, fifth: 1%). The rate of pre-pregnancy maternal comorbidities was 17% (16 out of 94 cases), including diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, thalassemia, hepatitis B, and thyroid disorders. Obstetric complications included 31% gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and 3% hypertensive disorders. The average birth weight was higher than the estimated weight from ultrasound, with a mean discrepancy of 295 grams. Full-term pregnancies (38–40 weeks) accounted for 93.6% (88 out of 94 cases), while preterm and post-term births made up 6.4% (6 out of 94 cases). Among the newborns, 64.9% were male and 35.1% female. The highest birth weight recorded was 4600g for male infants and 5000g for female infants. The average birth weight was 4131.4 ± 177.2 grams. Conclusion: Among mothers giving birth to infants over 4000 grams, gestational diabetes mellitus was the most prevalent obstetric condition (31%). Ultrasound can relatively accurately predict fetal weight, with an average error of 295 grams. Male fetal sex may be associated with birth weight exceeding 4000 grams.