KHẢO SÁT THỰC TRẠNG NHIỄM NẤM DA, TÓC, MÓNG Ở NGƯỜI BỆNH ĐẾN KHÁM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN MẮT VÀ DA LIỄU HẢI DƯƠNG NĂM 2024

Abstract

Background: Dermatophytosis is a superficial fungal infection affecting the skin, hair, and nails, with diverse clinical presentations. Though not life-threatening, it may cause aesthetic and psychological discomfort, often requiring prolonged treatment. Direct microscopic examination remains a simple yet effective diagnostic method. Objective: To assess the prevalence of dermatophytosis, tinea capitis, and onychomycosis among patients at Hai Duong Eye and Dermatology Hospital during the first half of 2024. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 1,966 patients clinically suspected of superficial mycoses. Direct microscopic examination was performed on skin, scalp, and nail samples. Epidemiological data were collected via structured interviews and analyzed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The overall prevalence of fungal infections was 34.7%. Dermatophytosis was most common (36.25%), primarily affecting the groin, feet, and trunk. Onychomycosis accounted for 32.18% of cases, mainly in patients aged 20–39. Tinea capitis had the lowest prevalence (17.95%) and was most frequent in children under 10. Higher rates of dermatophytosis were found in individuals aged 40–59 (40.28%) and those living in rural areas (38.28%). Conclusion: Superficial fungal infections were identified in 34.7% of patients, with dermatophytosis being the most prevalent. Tinea capitis was common in children <10 years, while onychomycosis predominated in adults aged 20–39. Infection rates were associated with age, gender, and residence.