NGHIÊN CỨU TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG, NUÔI DƯỠNG NGƯỜI BỆNH SUY TIM VÀ MỘT SỐ YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN VỚI TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG TẠI BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA HẢI DƯƠNG NĂM 2025

Abstract

Objective: To describe the nutritional status and feeding practices of patients with heart failure, and to identify factors associated with nutritional status among patients at Hai Duong General Hospital in 2025. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 343 inpatients with heart failure at the Cardiology Center from September 2024 to June 2025. Height and weight were measured, and face-to-face interviews were performed. Results: Most participants were males over 60 years old with NYHA Class III-IV heart failure, having been diagnosed for ≥5 years and presenting with ≥2 comorbidities. Notably, 51.02% were at risk of malnutrition per the SGA scale. While most patients received oral nutrition, they did not adhere to hospital-provided meals. Factors significantly associated with an increased risk of malnutrition in heart failure patients included having more than 2 comorbidities (OR=0.436, P<0.05), alcohol abuse (OR=0.33, P<0.001), suffering from heart failure for over 10 years, infrequent exercise, and a bland diet preference. Conclusion:Malnutrition in heart failure patients remains prevalent, linked to clinical and behavioral factors. A comprehensive approach is needed for nutritional assessment, alongside enhanced therapeutic meals and personalized nutritional counseling, to improve quality of life and treatment efficacy in holistic patient care.