KẾT QUẢ BƯỚC ĐẦU VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ NANG GIÁP LÀNH TÍNH BẰNG TIÊM CỒN TUYỆT ĐỐI DƯỚI HƯỚNG DẪN SIÊU ÂM

Abstract

Objective: (1) To evaluate the outcomes of Ethanol Ablation (EA) in benign thyroid cysts. (2) To identify factors influencing treatment success. Methods: A prospective study was conducted on 37 patients with benign thyroid cysts at Binh Duong General Hospital (August 2023–October 2024). Clinical symptoms, cosmetic scores, and cyst volume on ultrasound were assessed before and one month after treatment. Volume reduction ratio (VRR), pain, and complications were recorded. Prognostic factors were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Results: After one month, mean symptom scores decreased from 4.0 ± 1.2 to 2.0 ± 1.2; cosmetic scores from 4.0 ± 0.7 to 1.0 ± 1.0; and mean cyst volume from 9.46 ± 12 ml to 2.55 ± 7.8 ml (p < 0.01). Most patients reported no pain (62.2%) and no complications (86.5%). A solid component >20% and high vascularity was associated with reduced treatment success (p < 0.05). Conclusions: EA is a safe and effective treatment for benign thyroid cysts, providing significant improvements in symptoms, cosmetic outcomes, and cyst volume with minimal complications. A solid component >20% and high vascularity are predictors of treatment failure. Larger studies with longer follow-up are needed to confirm these results.