KHẢO SÁT ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ LIÊN QUAN Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM BỜ MI

Abstract

Purpose: To investigate the clinical characteristics and associated factors in patients with blepharitis. Subject and methods: This is a descriptive case series study of 168 eyes (of 87 patients) diagnosed with blepharitis were included at Ho Chi Minh City Eye Hospital in 2025. The study procedure involved the following steps: clinical examination, patient screening for eligibility; collection of epidemiological and clinical data via questionnaires, physical examination, and ancillary tests using slit-lamp biomicroscopy and the OCULUS Keratograph® 5M. Blepharitis was classified anatomically (anterior, posterior, or mixed) and functionally (mild, moderate, or severe). Severe posterior and mixed blepharitis cases underwent meibomian gland expression to evaluate expressibility (MGE score). Data were collected and analyzed to identify associated factors. Results: The average age was 62.1±11.8 years. Females accounted for the majority of patients (79.3%). Most patients had good visual acuity (81.2%). Common symptoms included foreign body sensation, tearing (epiphora), telangiectasia, eyelid hyperemia and meibomian gland orifice obstruction. Among these, the symptom and sign that were most strongly correlated with severe blepharitis were foreign body sensation (p < 0.001; OR = 23.2) and meibomian gland orifice obstruction (p = 0.028; OR = 2.2). The mean Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) was 36.6±13.3, with the majority of cases classified as severe (64.9%). The average quality of Meibomian gland secretions (MQ score) was 1.16 ± 0.06. The mean Tear Break-Up Time (TBUT) was 5.0±1.7 seconds, with TBUT ≤5s being the predominant finding (66.1%). The mean Meiboscore was 2.82±0.1, and the mean Meibomian Gland Expressibility (MGE) was 1.8±0.7. The majority of cases in the study were mixed blepharitis (63.1%) and severe blepharitis (64.9%). Conclusion: Most cases in this study were mixed-type and severe blepharitis. Severe dry eye disease (OSDI). Marked structural and functional alterations of the meibomian glands.