MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA BIẾN CHỨNG RỐI LOẠN NHỊP, SUY BƠM VÀ THỂ BỆNH Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM CƠ TIM CẤP

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the clinical subtypes, arrhythmic complications, pump failure, and the interrelationship among these factors in patients with acute myocarditis admitted to Cho Ray Hospital. Methods: This retrospective descriptive study included 218 patients diagnosed with acute myocarditis based on clinical presentation, elevated cardiac biomarkers, and cardiac MRI findings. Data on clinical type, arrhythmia pattern, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and heart failure status were analyzed using Stata 17.0, with statistical significance set at p < 0.05. Results: Among 218 patients, 62 (28.4%) had fulminant myocarditis and 156 (71.6%) had acute non-fulminant myocarditis. Arrhythmias were observed in 71.1% of cases, with ventricular arrhythmias being the most frequent (39.0%). Pump failure occurred in 54.6% of patients, of whom 28.4% had LVEF < 35%. Fulminant cases had significantly higher rates of arrhythmias and pump failure than non-fulminant cases (p < 0.001). Correlation analysis demonstrated a strong association between ventricular arrhythmia and severe LVEF reduction, suggesting extensive myocardial injury. Conclusion: Arrhythmia, pump failure, and clinical subtype are closely interrelated in acute myocarditis. The coexistence of ventricular arrhythmia and reduced LVEF indicates diffuse myocardial damage and identifies a subgroup of patients at high risk who require intensive monitoring and early intervention.