MÔ TẢ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, CẬN LÂM SÀNG VÀ CÁC YẾU TỐ TIÊN LƯỢNG NẶNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN VIÊM PHỔI CỘNG ĐỒNG TẠI KHOA HỒI SỨC TÍCH CỰC-CHỐNG ĐỘC BVĐK HOÈ NHAI NĂM 2025

Abstract

Introduction: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common disease and remains one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Objectives: To describe the clinical characteristics, paraclinical findings, and factors associated with severe prognosis in patients with community-acquired pneumonia admitted to the Intensive Care Unit – Toxicology Department of Hoe Nhai General Hospital. Methods: A prospective, descriptive, retrospective cross-sectional study. The study population included adult patients with CAP treated in the ICU–Toxicology Department from January 2025 to September 2025. A convenience sampling method was used. Forty-six patients met the eligibility criteria. Results and Discussion: The most common age group was >65 years, accounting for 80.43%; males accounted for 32.61% and females 67.39%. Common clinical manifestations of CAP included cough (84.8%), productive sputum (73.9%), fever (56.5%), dyspnea (43.5%), and chest pain (13%). All patients with severe pneumonia presented with dyspnea. Leukocytosis (73.9%) and elevated CRP >25 mg/L (65.2%) reflected an acute inflammatory state; leukopenia was not observed. Chest radiography showed bilateral pulmonary involvement in 57.14% of patients in the severe group. Multilobar involvement accounted for 50% among patients with severe pneumonia. The sample size was insufficient to determine an association between prognostic factors—age, sex, comorbidities, length of hospitalization, and prior antibiotic use—and CAP severity. In the severe pneumonia group, 100% of patients had a CURB-65 score >2. Conclusion: CAP is common in the elderly. Typical symptoms include cough, productive sputum, fever, dyspnea, and chest pain. In severe pneumonia cases, bilateral pulmonary involvement and multilobar infiltrates accounted for 57.14% and 50%, respectively. All patients with severe CAP had a CURB-65 score >2.