PHÂN TÍCH TÌNH HÌNH SỬ DỤNG KHÁNG SINH TRONG ĐIỀU TRỊ VIÊM PHỔI MẮC PHẢI CỘNG ĐỒNG Ở NGƯỜI LỚN TẠI VIỆN Y HỌC HẢI QUÂN NĂM 2024

Abstract

Objective: To describe the current status of antibiotic use and to analyze the appropriateness of antibiotic therapy in the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults at the Naval Medical Institute in 2024. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing 101 medical records of patients diagnosed with pneumonia from January 1, 2024, to December 31, 2024. Eligible patients were aged ≥18 years, hospitalized for at least 2 days, and received antibiotic treatment during their stay at the Naval Medical Institute. Results: The majority of patients were over 65 years old (64,36%). Most patients were discharged in improved or stable condition (97,03%). Comorbidities were present in 94,05% of cases, with most having two or more coexisting diseases. Based on the CURB-65 score, most patients had mild pneumonia (73,27%). Among the 101 empirical initial antibiotic regimens used, 78 were monotherapy (77,23%). No patients underwent antimicrobial susceptibility testing (0%). The proportion of empirical antibiotic regimens that did not align with the Ministry of Health's treatment guidelines was 67,56% for mild, 31,81% for moderate, and 40% for severe pneumonia. Inappropriate total dosing was observed in 50,67% of regimens. Incorrect single-dose administration occurred in 16% of cases, and the frequency of administration was deemed inappropriate in 65,34%. Conclusion: The most commonly used monotherapy antibiotic was Cefoperazone. The most frequent combination regimen involved Penicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitors. The proportion of empirically selected regimens and dosages that did not comply with the Ministry of Health's treatment guidelines remains considerably high.