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RECENT ADVANCE IN THE TREATMENT OF AXIAL SPONDYLOARTHRITIS WITH JANUS KINASE INHIBITORS
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Abstract
Axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints. Its pathogenesis is complex, involving pro-inflammatory cytokine networks and the JAK-STAT signaling pathway. In recent years, Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors—such as tofacitinib, upadacitinib, and filgotinib—have been extensively studied as potential therapeutic options for axSpA. Despite their advantages—such as oral administration, broad cytokine inhibition, and rapid symptom relief—the long-term use of JAK inhibitors remains a subject of debate due to ongoing safety concerns. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the JAK-STAT–related immunopathogenesis of axSpA, synthesizes data from phase II and III clinical trials, and critically evaluates the efficacy, safety profile, and current clinical recommendations regarding the use of JAK inhibitors in the treatment of axSpA.
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Keywords
Axial Spondyloarthritis, Janus Kinase, JAK Inhibitor, Tofacitinib, Upadacitinib, Filgotinib, JAK-STAT Pathway.
References
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