THỰC TRẠNG BỆNH LÝ TIM MẠCH TRẺ EM TẠI BỆNH VIỆN NHI THÁI BÌNH NĂM 2023 - 2024

Abstract

Objective: To determine the pattern of pediatric cardiovascular diseases at Thai Binh Children’s Hospital during the period 2023–2024. Subjects and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 1635 pediatric patients diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases at Thai Binh Children’s Hospital from January 2023 to December 2024. Results: A total of 1635 children were diagnosed with cardiovascular diseases, accounting for 3.27% of all pediatric patients examined at the hospital. Males accounted for 49.0% and females for 51.0% (male-to-female ratio ≈ 1:1.04). The median age was 11 months (range: 1–68 months). Children under 1 year accounted for 52.2% of cases, followed by those aged 1–5 years (19.9%). Congenital heart disease was the most common group, accounting for 80.8% of cases, arrhythmias for 11.2%, and acquired heart diseases for 5.1%. Congenital heart disease was most frequently diagnosed in children under 1 year of age (60.6%), acquired heart disease was most common in the 1–5-year age group (47.6%), and arrhythmias predominated in children older than 6 years. Among congenital defects, left-to-right shunt lesions with increased pulmonary blood flow accounted for 78.9%. In the group of acquired heart diseases, Kawasaki disease was predominant (76.1%), and the number of Kawasaki cases in 2024 increased markedly compared with 2023. Conclusion: Congenital heart disease remains the most common cardiovascular disorder in children at Thai Binh Children’s Hospital, with most cases detected before 1 year of age. Acquired heart diseases and arrhythmias are more frequent in older children. These findings highlight the importance of early screening for congenital heart disease and timely detection of arrhythmias and acquired cardiac conditions in order to improve diagnostic and therapeutic outcomes.