ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ PHẢN VỆ TẠI KHOA CẤP CỨU BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA SÓC SƠN NĂM 2024

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of anaphylaxis at the Emergency Department of Soc Son General Hospital in 2024. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 119 patients diagnosed with anaphylaxis and treated at Soc Son General Hospital from April 1, 2024 to December 31, 2024. Results: Anaphylaxis occurred in both genders, with males accounting for 57.14%, showing no significant difference compared to females. Approximately 42% of the patients had a history of allergy, although most could not identify the specific allergen (58%). Insect stings were the most common cause (44.53%), followed by oral intake (29.41%) and unknown causes (22.7%). Anaphylaxis due to intravenous administration was rare (3.36%). Most patients developed symptoms after 60 minutes (42.03%), with the majority occurring within 5–30 minutes (33.61%). The most common clinical manifestations were cutaneous symptoms (91.59%), followed by cardiovascular (66.38%) and respiratory symptoms (50.42%). Regarding severity, Grade II anaphylaxis accounted for the highest proportion (63.86%), while Grade III (severe) represented 10.93%. No Grade IV cases were recorded. Adrenaline was administered to 52.1% of patients, exclusively via the intramuscular route, in accordance with Circular 51[1]. Corticosteroids (100%), diphenhydramine (94.12%), and intravenous fluids (99.16%) were widely used, demonstrating good adherence to comprehensive treatment guidelines. Among the 119 patients, 97.48% achieved full recovery, with no deaths or severe complications observed.