NHẬN XÉT TỔN THƯƠNG ĐỘNG MẠCH CHI DƯỚI VÀ MỐI LIÊN QUAN CỦA TỒN THƯƠNG ĐỘNG MẠCH CHI DƯỚI VỚI ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ CẬN LÂM SÀNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN ĐÁI THÁO ĐƯỜNG TÝP 2 BẰNG SIÊU ÂM DOPPLER MẠCH MÁU TẠI KHOA TIM MẠCH - LÃO HỌC, BỆNH VIỆN ĐA KHOA HOÀI ĐỨC NĂM 2025

Abstract

Objectives: To characterize lower-extremity arterial lesions and determine their associations with clinical and paraclinical features in patients with type 2 diabetes using vascular Doppler ultrasound at the Cardiology–Geriatrics Department, Hoai Duc General Hospital, in 2025. Subjects and methods:  A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus exhibiting with lower-extremity arterial lesions treated at the Cardiology–Geriatrics Department, Hoai Duc General Hospital between March 1, 2025 and August 31, 2025. Results:  Among the 40 patients included in the study, 19 were male (47.5%) and 21 were female (52.5%), with a mean age of 59.4 years. Patients with a diabetes duration of less than five years accounted for the largest proportion (50%). Most patients with lower-extremity arterial disease (LEAD) exhibited blood glucose levels > 7 mmol/L and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. The prevalence of LEAD in male and female patients was 100% and 95.3%, respectively. All patients with a BMI < 18.5 or > 25 presented with LEAD, and 95.3% of those with a BMI between 18.5 and 25 were also affected. According to the Fontaine classification, 70% of patients were categorized as stage 1 (asymptomatic), 25% as stage 2 (intermittent claudication), and 5% as stage 3 (chest pain); none were classified as stage 4 (ulceration or gangrene). A majority of patients with LEAD had a diabetes duration of more than 10 years. Conclusions:  Lower-extremity arterial lesions occur across all BMI categories. This disease impairs limb perfusion leading to symptoms such as numbness and intermittent claudication. Lesion severity was not significantly associated with BMI, gender, or functional symptoms, but its prevalence increased with disease duration.