ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG VÀ NỒNG ĐỘC ĐỘC CHẤT HUYẾT THANH CỦA BỆNH NHÂN NGỘ ĐỘC CẤP HÓA CHẤT DIỆT CHUỘT BROMADIOLON VÀ FLOCOUMAFEN

Abstract

Objectives: to describe the clinical characteristics and serum toxin concentrations of patients with acute poisoning of long-acting anticoagulant rodenticides - bromadiolone and flocoumafen at Vietnam Poison Control Center, Bach Mai Hospital. Methods: A prospective observational study included 37 patients with acute poisoning with bromadiolone/flocoumafen treated at the Poison Control Center from June 2020 to June 2021. Results: Among the study patients, male accounted for 62.2%, most of them were adults, there were only 2 pediatric patients. The most common cause of poisoning is suicide, however, 27% of poisoning sources were unknown. The most common clinical manifestations were subcutaneous hemorrhage (49%) and intramuscular hematomas (35%). Some patients had severe bleeding such as cerebral hemorrhage (2.7%), GI (27.03%), urinary (27.03%) and abdominal hemorrhage (13.51 %). 3 patients (8.11%) had hemorrhagic shock. Bromadiolone and Flocoumafen concentrations tended to be higher in the group of patients with bleeding or INR > 5 (p 0.06), and significantly higher in the group with major subcutaneous bleeding (p 0.012 and p 0.027 respectively in Bromadiolone and Flocoumafen). Conclusion: The study revealed the clinical features and the relationship between the bleeding manifestations and the serum toxin concentrations of patients with acute poisoning of bromadiolone and flocoumafen.