DỰ BÁO NGUY CƠ TIM MẠCH 10 NĂM BẰNG THANG ĐIỂM SCORE2 VÀ SCORE2- OP TRÊN BỆNH NHÂN TĂNG HUYẾT ÁP ĐIỀU TRỊ NGOẠI TRÚ TẠI BỆNH VIỆN THANH NHÀN

Abstract

Objectives: (1) To assess the 10-year cardiovascular risk using the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP risk charts in patients with hypertension. (2) To evaluate the association between several risk factors in hypertensive patients and cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP scales. Methods: A prospective descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 210 outpatients at the Department of Outpatient Services, Thanh Nhan Hospital, from April 2025 to September 2025. Results: The mean age of the study population was 63.2 ± 10.0 years. The average estimated cardiovascular risk score according to SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP was 14.1 ± 9.2. The very-high 10-year cardiovascular risk group included 133 patients (63.3%), followed by the high-risk group (19.7%) and the low–moderate risk group (17.6%). In the age groups 50–69 and ≥70 years, most patients fell into the high and very-high risk categories, accounting for 79.8% and 100%, respectively. Meanwhile, the cardiovascular risk in the <50-year age group was mainly low–moderate, representing 54.2%. The differences among the three age groups were statistically significant (p < 0.05. There was a very strong correlation between age and the SCORE2/SCORE2-OP cardiovascular risk scores (r = 0.75, p < 0.05). Men had a significantly higher proportion of very-high 10-year cardiovascular risk (79.6%) compared with women (50.3%) (p < 0.05. Similarly, the proportion of individuals with very-high 10-year cardiovascular risk was higher among smokers (92.9%) than non-smokers (48.6%); among those with elevated cholesterol levels (70.8%) compared to those without hypercholesterolemia (53.3%). These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.05). The very-high 10-year cardiovascular risk group was most prevalent among patients with hypertension duration >10 years (79.6%), followed by the 5–10 year group (64.1%) and the <5 year group (54.6%), with statistically significant differences (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The average estimated cardiovascular risk according to the SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP charts was 14.1 ± 9.2. Most hypertensive patients were classified as having very-high 10-year cardiovascular risk according to SCORE2 and SCORE2-OP. Male patients, smokers, individuals with elevated cholesterol levels, and those aged ≥70 years had higher 10-year cardiovascular risk. There was a very strong correlation between age and the SCORE2/SCORE2-OP risk scores (r = 0.75, p < 0.05). The highest proportion of very-high cardiovascular risk was observed in patients with hypertension duration >10 years.