MỐI TƯƠNG QUAN GIỮA ĐỘ DÀY CƠ TỨ ĐẦU ĐÙI TRÊN SIÊU ÂM VỚI TÌNH TRẠNG DINH DƯỠNG VÀ BIẾN CHỨNG SỚM CỦA PHẪU THUẬT UNG THƯ ĐẠI TRỰC TRÀNG

Abstract

Introduction: Preoperative malnutrition in colorectal cancer increases the risk of postoperative complications, particularly infections and delayed wound healing. Ultrasound measurement of quadriceps femoris muscle thickness is a feasible method for assessing preoperative nutritional status and predicting early postoperative complications. Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted on 93 patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgery from June 2023 to June 2024 at Nhan dan Gia Dinh Hospital. All patients indicated for surgery were assessed for preoperative nutritional status using the PG-SGA score, and quadriceps femoris muscle thickness was measured via ultrasound. Early complications were monitored from the postoperative period until hospital discharge. The primary outcome variables were the correlation between muscle thickness and nutritional status (via PG-SGA score) and early postoperative complications. Results: The most common early postoperative complications were pneumonia and pleural effusion. The majority of complications, as classified by the Clavien-Dindo classification, were grade I and II, with only 3.2% of patients experiencing grade IIIa. The average quadriceps femoris muscle thickness was 1.61 ± 0.44 cm. Decreased muscle thickness correlated with PG-SGA score (r = -0.49) and increased risk of complications (p < 0.001). At a cutoff of ≤ 1.11 cm, quadriceps femoris muscle thickness accurately predicted early postoperative complications, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.95, sensitivity of 66.7%, and specificity of 90.3%. Conclusion: Quadriceps femoris muscle thickness is an important indicator in assessing nutritional status and predicting early postoperative complications in colorectal cancer surgery. Combining preoperative nutritional assessment using PG-SGA with ultrasound measurement of quadriceps femoris muscle thickness can improve treatment outcomes and reduce the risk of complications.