VAI TRÒ CỦA CỘNG HƯỞNG TỪ TRONG DỰ ĐOÁN ĐÁP ỨNG ĐIỀU TRỊ HÓA XẠ TÂN HỖ TRỢ CỦA UNG THƯ TRỰC TRÀNG

Abstract

Objective: To determine independent predictive factors and a prediction model for a pathological complete response in rectal cancer following neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 92 rectal cancer patients who underwent MRI before long-course NCRT, followed by surgery and pathological examination at the University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital in Ho Chi Minh City. Results: Independent predictive factors for a complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy included MRI features such as a maximum tumor area of ≤ 5.2 cm² (OR = 5.3) and the number of lymph nodes meeting imaging criteria for metastasis (OR = 0.77). A prognostic model combining both the maximum tumor area and the number of lymph nodes meeting imaging criteria for metastasis showed good predictive value, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.812, sensitivity of 70%, specificity of 80.6%, accuracy of 78.3%, positive predictive value of 50%, and negative predictive value of 90.6%. Conclusions: Pre-treatment MRI imaging is valuable in predicting the potential for a complete response to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer, providing useful information for treatment decision-making.