GIÁ TRỊ HÌNH ẢNH SIÊU ÂM QUA ĐƯỜNG TRỰC TRÀNG TRONG CHẨN ĐOÁN UNG THƯ TUYẾN TIỀN LIỆT

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) in detecting prostate cancer in comparison with histopathological findings. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted on 81 patients suspected of having prostate cancer who underwent TRUS and prostate biopsy at Bach Mai Hospital from August 2024 to August 2025. Ultrasonographic features, including prostate weight, parenchymal heterogeneity, vascular proliferation, abnormal nodules, and irregular margins, were analyzed and correlated with biopsy results. Results: Among 81 patients, 47 were confirmed with prostate cancer by biopsy. TRUS demonstrated a sensitivity of 76.6%, specificity of 58.8%, and accuracy of 69.1%. Statistically significant sonographic findings (p<0.05) included heterogeneous echotexture (sensitivity 70.2%, specificity 82.4%), abnormal vascularity (sensitivity 68.1%, specificity 64.7%), abnormal nodules (sensitivity 59.6%, specificity 76.5%), and irregular prostate margins (sensitivity 70.2%, specificity 79.4%). Conclusion: Transrectal ultrasound is a valuable tool in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, particularly when evaluating abnormal morphological signs such as heterogeneous parenchyma, irregular margins, and abnormal vascularity.