MỘT SỐ ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, HÌNH ẢNH CHỤP CẮT LỚP VI TÍNH VÀ KẾT QUẢ ĐIỀU TRỊ KHÔNG PHẪU THUẬT GIẬP NÃO DO CHẤN THƯƠNG SỌ NÃO

Abstract

Objectives: To characterize the clinical presentation, computed tomography (CT) imaging findings, and therapeutic outcomes of conservatively managed cerebral contusions resulting from closed traumatic brain injury (TBI) at Thai Binh General Hospital. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 72 patients diagnosed with cerebral contusions due to closed TBI who underwent non-operative management at the Department of Neurosurgery – Spine, Thai Binh General Hospital. Results: Traffic accidents constituted the predominant etiology (63.9%). Upon admission, the majority of patients (86.1%) presented with a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 13–15. Clinical manifestations included headache and vertigo (75%), and nausea/vomiting (25%). Focal neurological deficits were observed, including hemiparesis (1.4%) and facial palsy (2.8%). Contusional foci were predominantly localized to the frontal and temporal lobes (93.1%), with only 6.9% involving the parietal lobe. The 3-month follow-up revealed the emergence of new sequelae: memory impairment (26.4%), sleep disturbances (20.8%), and affective disorders (4.2%). Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) scores at 3 months post-discharge were classified as Group I (Good) in 98.6% and Group II (Fair) in 1.4% of patients. Conclusion: Conservative management yields favorable outcomes in the majority of patients with cerebral contusions secondary to closed TBI who present with mild clinical symptoms and preserved consciousness. However, longitudinal monitoring is essential for the early detection and management of late-onset sequelae, particularly insomnia and cognitive decline, in this patient cohort.